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An outdoor hutch creates a protective cocoon around the calf.
Raising calves outdoors in well-designed hutches enhances their immunity during their vulnerable early weeks by providing a controlled, hygienic environment. After three weeks of individual care, transitioning calves to small groups fosters socialization, immunity and adaptation to dry feed. Selecting a hutch with proper insulation, durability and ease of cleaning is vital for calf health.
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Why raise calves outdoors rather than inside buildings?
The immune phase of calves—meaning the period during which the calf builds its immunity—takes place during the first three weeks of life. During these three weeks, calves are more vulnerable to environmental pathogens. These factors are difficult to control within dairy farming buildings. In fact, these buildings present a confined environment housing both young animals and adults, all without regular sanitation breaks.
On the one hand, by isolating calves outdoors, it’s easier to control this environment. On the other hand, it’s also easier to manage the pathogen exposure within a hutch. It can be cleaned and disinfected when empty.
In short, an outdoor hutch creates a protective cocoon around the calf.
What is the benefit of group rearing after the initial individual phase?
Individual rearing is recommended for at least the first three weeks. After that, rearing in small groups until four months of age offers the advantages of a gradual socialization phase: improved immunity, preparation for being in a herd, and adaptation to dry feed.
After this group phase, the animals are ready to move into collective pens or pastures, depending on the season. This approach to calf rearing results in healthier animals and stronger heifers.
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What criteria are important when choosing a calf hutch?
As I mentioned, the hutch’s role is to create a protective cocoon. It is therefore essential to select a hutch that maintains a suitable environment, particularly in terms of temperature and pathogen control.
The material used in the hutch’s construction is key, as it reduces temperature fluctuations and ensures proper insulation in both summer and winter.
Additionally, a well-designed hutch allows for easy cleaning and disinfection. Comfort for farmers is crucial so that protocols are followed properly.
"Beyond the hutches, it's essential to consider the design of an outdoor nursery. Technical facilities, lighting, water supply, and milk taxis—all should be planned in advance to make calf care easier."
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