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Shamonda-like virus in cows: symptoms & prevention
The Shamonda-like virus is a recently identified virus in cattle. It causes acute symptoms such as fever, diarrhea, and a sharp drop in milk production. In pregnant cows, it can lead to abortion or calves with congenital defects. Since no vaccine is currently available, prevention relies on midge control and biosecurity.
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What is the Shamonda-like virus?
The Shamonda-like virus is an RNA virus belonging to the Simbu serogroup. It has recently been detected in countries such as France, Germany, Switzerland, and the Netherlands.
This virus is genetically related to the Schmallenberg virus and is presumably transmitted by biting midges (Culicoides species). These are small, biting flies. As the midge season peaks during the warm and humid months, the pressure from these midges increases significantly. Currently, there are no indications of direct cow-to-cow transmission. Furthermore, it has not been demonstrated that the virus poses a risk to humans.
How does the Shamonda-like virus spread?
With the Schmallenberg virus, transmission occurs via insects. The spread of the Shamonda-like virus is still under investigation.
Midges breed rapidly in standing water, mud, and manure. When an infected midge bites a cow, the virus enters the bloodstream.
Risk factors for spread:
- Large midge populations around the barn
- Moist breeding sites near pastures or housing
- Open, poorly ventilated barns during twilight hours
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Symptoms of the Shamonda-like virus in cows
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- Watery diarrhea
- Sudden, high fever
- Sudden and significant drop in milk production
- Reduced appetite
- Lethargy and general weakness
4 measures against the Shamonda-like virus
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Tackle midges at the source
Midges lay their eggs in standing water or muddy areas. Remove or clean potential breeding sites.:format(webp))
Use insect control products
Treat livestock or housing with approved products against biting insects, such as insecticides or anti-midge sprays, to reduce the farm population.:format(webp))
Ensure good barn ventilation
Strong airflow prevents midges from settling in the barn. Use fans and install fine mesh netting on doors and windows to keep midges away from animals.:format(webp))
Keep high-risk animals indoors
Keep pregnant cows housed during peak midge hours (twilight and night).:format(webp)){kind=logo}
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