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Rumen acidosis is a metabolic disorder that should not be underestimated and should be taken seriously. High-yielding dairy cows and cows in the transit phase in particular are often more severely affected. Rumen acidosis is a digestive disorder in which the pH value of the rumen drops sharply and the rumen becomes acidic. Rumen acidosis is divided into acute rumen acidosis and subacute rumen acidosis. Acute rumen acidosis occurs less frequently, but is much more dangerous than subacute rumen acidosis.
The consequences of the disease are, for example, inflammation of the mucous membranes in the intestinal tract due to acidosis, but also toxins and pathogens in the bloodstream, which can lead to liver abscesses or acute laminitis. In addition the probability of premature births and stillbirths increases significantly. If acute rumen acidosis is not treated, it can lead to stasis or death.
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The roots of rumen acidosis do not lie in bacteria or viruses. Rather, it is due to feeding practices, feed quality and rumen fermentation.
Acute rumen acidosis occurs when a cow suddenly consumes large quantities of easily digestible or highly fermentable grains and at the same time too little crude fiber. As a result, the concentration of volatile fatty acids and lactic acid rises very quickly and the pH value falls below 5.0. This leads to a fermentation imbalance, which disrupts the cow's overall digestive process.
In subacute rumen acidosis, the pH value does not drop so drastically and suddenly. There are repeated drops over a longer period of time. Often triggered by unbalanced feeding.
Since rumen acidosis is not caused by bacteria or viruses, it does not spread in the typical way that other diseases do. However, when all cows are fed the same way, multiple cows can develop rumen acidosis simultaneously.
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In the case of subacute rumen acidosis, the symptoms are not always clear or recognizable. In acute rumen acidosis, the following symptoms may occur:
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One of the goals that unites every dairy farmer is cow health. However, this goal comes with some challenges. One of them is rumen acidosis. The key to preventing it from happening is nutrition. Balanced feed, optimal ration design with minimal feed selection, clean water, and supplements when needed can help to prevent rumen acidosis in your cattle.
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